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oil, lubrication,
fuel, diesel, heavy fuel oil, redwood, flash point, additive, detergent,
viscosity, acidity, anti foam, emulsify, petroleum, vegetable, internal
combustion engine, boiler, bunkering, bunker, fuel oil
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Checking the oil levels
Steam is used to atomize the fuel into fine particles
High sulfur fuel oil produces acid that will corrode
the cylinder liners
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Lubricating Oil for the machinery
The marine engineer has to handle various kinds of oils.
Taking on fuel oil during bunkering, he must be able to know the quality of the
oil he is taking on. When lubrication oil has deteriorated, he must be able to determine how
much has been deteriorated and whether he can still continue to use the oil.
Important Properties of Lubrication Oil
The important properties to look out for are the following:
- Viscosity
- Viscosity Index
- Pour Point
- Oxidation Resistance
- Flash Point, Fire Point
- Alkalinity
Additives
Some of the additives put into the lubrication oil are as follows:
- Anti Oxidant - Amines, Phenols
- Corrosion Inhibitor
- Detergent and Dispersant - Ca, Ba, Compounds, Soaps
- Alkalinity - Ca, Ba Hydroxides
- Anti Bacterial - Biocides
- Oiliness or Wetting Agents - fatty oils, chlorinated wax
- Extreme Pressure Agents - organic compounds of Cl, S, P
(hydraulic, gear oil)
- Pour Point Depressant - Organic polymers (alkyl naphthalene)
(Steering gear, refrigerator)
- Anti foam - Silicones
- Viscosity Index Improvers - organic polymers
- Emulsifying Agent - Polar Compounds (emulsifying but do not lose
lubricating property)
Lubrication Oil Change (A rough guide)
When do you know that the oil need to be changed? Below
is a rough guide:
- Viscosity
- 10% change in viscosity, or
- ±one SAE grade (e.g. SAE 30 changed to SAE 40)
- Flash Point
- Dropped to 150 degree C
- Danger of crankcase explosion
- Water Content
- 1/2% - Use purifier to remove the water.
- 2% - Change the oil
- TBN
- 20% of the TBN of a new oil
- Insoluble Content
The contents of this page is part of
a page from my e-book "General Engineering Knowledge Notes" that will help candidates prepare for the Certificate of Competency Examinations. This e-book
is available for FREE downloading here.
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